横向
1
Exact, not figurative meaning
5
Word ending added to change meaning
6
Division of a book
7
Rules of language structure
9
Text beneath an image
11
Descriptive language appealing to senses
12
Long heroic narrative poem
纵向
2
Direct comparison without like or as
3
Sequence of events in a story
4
Person who writes a book
8
Repetition of consonant sounds
10
Turning point of a story