横向
1
Surrounding information that adds meaning
4
Word ending added to change meaning
7
Text beneath an image
8
Direct comparison without like or as
9
Comparison using like or as
11
Person telling the story
12
Long heroic narrative poem
纵向
2
Ability to speak or write smoothly
3
Conversation in a story
5
Repetition of consonant sounds
6
Group of lines in a poem
10
Central message of a story