横向
1
Ability to speak or write smoothly
4
Word ending added to change meaning
5
Main idea being expressed
7
Group of words with subject and verb
8
Person, place, or thing
9
Word with opposite meaning
10
Exact, not figurative meaning
纵向
1
Imaginary stories
2
Central message of a story
3
Short analytical piece of writing
6
Surrounding information that adds meaning
11
Japanese three-line poem
12
Turning point of a story
13
Text beneath an image