横向
1
Use of humor to criticize
5
Sequence of events in a story
6
Author's attitude in writing
7
Problem or struggle in a story
8
Emotional atmosphere of a text
纵向
2
Ability to speak or write smoothly
3
Conversation in a story
4
Word choice in writing
9
Group of lines in a poem
10
Words with similar ending sounds
11
Surrounding information that adds meaning