横向
1
Rules of language structure
4
Surrounding information that adds meaning
7
Author's attitude in writing
8
Problem or struggle in a story
9
Action word in a sentence
12
Arrangement of words in a sentence
纵向
2
Conversation in a story
3
Person telling the story
5
Central message of a story
6
Ordinary written language
9
Distinctive style of a writer
10
Saying the opposite of what you mean
11
Direct comparison without like or as