横向
1
Rules of language structure
3
Long heroic narrative poem
6
Author's attitude in writing
7
Exact, not figurative meaning
8
Comparison using like or as
9
Conversation in a story
11
Main idea being expressed
纵向
2
Direct comparison without like or as
4
Person who writes a book
5
Repetition of consonant sounds
10
Punctuation mark for pausing