横向
1
Surrounding information that adds meaning
2
Ordinary written language
5
Short analytical piece of writing
6
Word choice in writing
9
Long work of fiction
11
Use of humor to criticize
纵向
2
Group of words without a verb
3
Repeating someone's exact words
4
Direct comparison without like or as
7
First version of a written work
8
Time and place of a story
10
Author's attitude in writing