横向
1
Time and place of a story
3
Action word in a sentence
4
Group of lines in a poem
6
Direct comparison without like or as
9
Comparison using like or as
10
Descriptive language appealing to senses
11
Traditional story about gods or heroes
纵向
2
Exact, not figurative meaning
3
Distinctive style of a writer
5
Rules of language structure
7
Surrounding information that adds meaning
8
Imaginary stories