横向
1
Problem or struggle in a story
6
Central message of a story
7
Literary work with rhythm
9
Use of humor to criticize
10
Ordinary written language
11
Saying the opposite of what you mean
纵向
2
Ability to speak or write smoothly
3
Object representing an idea
4
Division of a book
5
Story with a moral lesson
8
Main idea being expressed
12
Surrounding information that adds meaning