横向
1
Action word in a sentence
2
Word ending added to change meaning
3
First version of a written work
5
Sequence of events in a story
6
Problem or struggle in a story
7
Long heroic narrative poem
10
Group of words without a verb
纵向
2
Use of humor to criticize
4
Surrounding information that adds meaning
8
Ordinary written language
9
Exact, not figurative meaning
11
Story with a moral lesson