横向
1
Person, place, or thing
4
Rules of language structure
6
Use of humor to criticize
8
Group of words without a verb
纵向
2
Group of lines in a poem
3
Surrounding information that adds meaning
5
Conversation in a story
7
Person telling the story
Person, place, or thing
Rules of language structure
Use of humor to criticize
Group of words without a verb
Group of lines in a poem
Surrounding information that adds meaning
Conversation in a story
Person telling the story