横向
1
Exact, not figurative meaning
3
Word ending added to change meaning
6
Word with similar meaning
8
Comparison using like or as
9
Repeating someone's exact words
10
Japanese three-line poem
12
Story with a moral lesson
纵向
2
Word choice in writing
4
Division of a book
5
Group of words with subject and verb
7
Group of words without a verb
11
Central message of a story
13
Direct comparison without like or as