横向
1
Author's attitude in writing
4
Word ending added to change meaning
5
Time and place of a story
6
Main idea being expressed
7
Text beneath an image
纵向
2
Word choice in writing
3
Descriptive language appealing to senses
4
Use of humor to criticize
5
Comparison using like or as
8
Central message of a story
9
Direct comparison without like or as