横向
1
First version of a written work
2
Group of words without a verb
4
Ordinary written language
5
Exact, not figurative meaning
7
Arrangement of words in a sentence
12
Emotional atmosphere of a text
纵向
2
Sequence of events in a story
3
Words with similar ending sounds
6
Conversation in a story
8
Group of lines in a poem
9
Word ending added to change meaning
10
Long heroic narrative poem
11
Direct comparison without like or as