横向
1
Problem or struggle in a story
5
Long heroic narrative poem
6
Surrounding information that adds meaning
7
Group of lines in a poem
9
Central message of a story
纵向
2
Ordinary written language
3
Exact, not figurative meaning
4
Direct comparison without like or as
8
Word choice in writing
10
Word with opposite meaning
11
Conversation in a story
12
Category of literary work