横向
1
Words with similar ending sounds
4
First version of a written work
5
Object representing an idea
7
Person, place, or thing
8
Central message of a story
9
Person telling the story
纵向
2
Use of humor to criticize
3
Direct comparison without like or as
6
Repeating someone's exact words
10
Ordinary written language
11
Saying the opposite of what you mean